Effectiveness a Method of Brain Gym to Lower the Level of Burnout of Students to Study
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Learning activities are the activities the most basic in the whole process educated at a school. Success in learning activities depends to teachers in given the lectures, and interaction between teacher and their students. In receiving the information, the brain of the back be difficult to be expressed, so that people feel stress that will result in eager to study and work being reduced. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Brain Gym method to reducing burn out on student learning at the SMP (Sekolah Menengah Pertama or Junior High School) of Aisyiyah Boarding School in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. A quasi experimen uses non-equivalent control group design: one of non-equivalent design pre-test and post-test control group scheme model. The open ended burn out instrument were used to collected data on this study, in which all items of the instrument are favorable and the subject completed self-regulation questionnaires required students to rate their level of agreement on 25 items using 1-3 point. One hundred students of SMP of Aisyiyah Boarding School in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia obtained consent to participate in the study. Analysis data revealed that the hypothesis of a significance value (sig. 2-tailed) using t-test 0.001 (p < 0.05); then, the result showed H0 was rejected. So, the Brain Gym method effective to reduce of burnout on student learning.
KEY WORD: Brain Gym; Burnout; Student Learning.
INTISARI: “Keefektifan Metode Asah Otak untuk Menurunkan Tingkat Kejenuhan Siswa dalam Belajar”. Kegiatan belajar adalah kegiatan yang paling mendasar dalam seluruh proses pendidikan di sebuah sekolah. Keberhasilan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran tergantung pada guru dalam memberikan ceramah, dan interaksi antara guru dan siswa mereka. Didalam menerima informasi, otak bagian belakang menjadi sulit diekspresikan, sehingga orang merasa stres yang berakibat keinginan untuk belajar dan bekerja menjadi berkurang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efektivitas metode Asah Otak dalam mengurangi kejenuhan belajar siswa di SMP (Sekolah Menengah Pertama) Aisyiyah Boarding School di Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Kuasi eksperimen dengan menggunakan desain kelompok kontrol non-ekuivalen: salah satunya dari model skema kelompok kontrol pra-test dan pasca-test non-ekuivalen. Instrumen buka tutup tentang kejenuhan digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data pada penelitian ini, di mana semua item instrumen yang disukai dan subjek menyelesaikan kuesioner tentang pengaturan diri yang mengharuskan siswa menilai diri mereka sendiri dengan tingkat kesepakatan pada 25 item menggunakan 1-3 poin. Seratus siswa SMP Aisyiyah Boarding School di Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia memperoleh izin untuk berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Analisis data mengungkapkan bahwa hipotesis nilai signifikansi (sig. 2-tailed) menggunakan uji-t 0,001 (p < 0.05); kemudian, hasilnya menunjukkan H0 ditolak. Jadi, metode Asah Otak itu efektif untuk mengurangi kejenuhan dalam pembelajaran siswa.
KATA KUNCI: Asah Otak; Kejenuhan; Pembelajaran Siswa.
About the Author: Nenden Desi Mulyani Apandi, S.Pd. is a Student of Educational Psychology Study Program SPs UPI (School of Postgraduate, Indonesia University of Education), Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi No.229 Bandung 40154, West Java, Indonesia. For academic interests, the Author is able to be contacted via e-mail address at: ddnenden@gmail.com
Suggested Citation: Apandi, Nenden Desi Mulyani. (2019). “Effectiveness a Method of Brain Gym to Lower the Level of Burnout of Students to Study” in SIPATAHOENAN: South-East Asian Journal for Youth, Sports & Health Education, Volume 5(1), April, pp.53-64. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press owned by ASPENSI with a print-ISSN 2407-7348.
Article Timeline: Accepted (January 15, 2019); Revised (March 2, 2019); and Published (April 30, 2019).
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Agustin, M. (2011). Permasalahan Belajar dan Inovasi Pembelajaran. Bandung: PT Refika Aditama.
Alessandri, G., A. Zuffiano & E. Perinelli. (2017). “Evaluating Intervention Programs with a Pretest-Posttest Design: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach” in Frontiers of Psychology, Volume 8:223 [March]. Available online also at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5332425/ [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 9, 2018].
Apandi, Nenden Desi Mulyani. (2018). “Efektivitas Brain Gym untuk Menurunkan Tingkat Kejenuhan Belajar Siswa SMP di Kota Bandung”. Unpublished Master’s Thesis. Bandung: SPs UPI (School of Postgraduate, Indonesia University of Education). Available online also at: http://repository.upi.edu/40383/1/T_PP_1503308_Title.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: January 8, 2019].
Appelbaum, Mark et al. (2018). “Journal Article Reporting Standards for Quantitative Research in Psychology: The APA Publications and Communications Board Task Force Report” in American Psychologist, Volume 73, No.1, pp.3-25. Available online also at: https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/amp-amp0000191.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: January 8, 2019].
Artino, Jr., A.R. et al. (2014). “Developing Questionnaires for Educational Research: AMEE Guide No.87” in Medical Teacher, Volume 36(6), March, 463-472. Available online also at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4059192/ [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 9, 2018].
Ayinosa. (2009). “Brain Gym”. Available online at: http://book.store.co.id/2009 [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: January 11, 2018].
Azizah, Lilik Ma’rifatul, Tri Martiana & Oedojo Soedirham. (2017). “The Improvement of Cognitive Function and Decrease the Level of Stress in the Elderly with Brain Gym” in International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, Volume 1, Issue 1 [May-August]. Available online also at: https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/275710-the-improvement-of-cognitive-function-an-f7da3e53.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 5, 2018].
Boateng, G.O. et al. (2018). “Best Practices for Developing and Validating Scales for Health, Social, and Behavioral Research: A Primer” in Frontiers of Psychology, Volume 6:149 [June]. Available online also at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6004510/ [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: January 9, 2019].
Boone, W.J. (2016). “Rasch Analysis for Instrument Development: Why, When, and How?” in Life Sciences Education, Volume 15(4), Winter. Available online also at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5132390/ [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 9, 2018].
Boone, W.J., A. Noltemeyer & G. Yates. (2017). “Rasch Analysis: A Primer for School Psychology Researchers and Practitioners” in Journal of Cogent Education, Volume 4, Issue 1. Available online also at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/2331186X.2017.1416898 [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 9, 2018].
Brace, N., R. Kemp & R. Sneglar. (2000). SPSS for Psychologists. New York: Macmillan Press.
Chang, Yu-Hui. (2011). “A Review of ‘A Lifelong Call to Learn: Continuing Education for Religious Leaders’” in Journal of Religious Education, Volume 106, Issue 3. Available online also at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00344087.2011.570190 [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 1, 2018].
Creswell, Jhon W. (2012). Research Design: Pendekatan Kualitatif, Kuantitatif, dan Mixed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, Translation.
Dennison, P.E. & G.E. Dennison. (2009). Brain Gym, Senam Otak: Buku Panduan Edisi Indonesia. Jakarta: PT Grasindo, Translation.
Derrick, B. et al. (2018). “Tests for Equality of Variances between Two Samples which Contain Both Paired Observations and Independent Observations” in Journal of Applied Quantitative Methods, Volume 13(2), pp.36-47.
Doidge, Norman. (2017). “The Brain that Changes Itself: Stories of Personal Triumph from the Frontiers of Brain Science”. Available online at: https://www.brainmaster.com/software/pubs/brain/contrib/The%20Brain%20That%20Changes%20Itself.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 5, 2018].
Dunckley, V.L. (2015). “Screentime is Making Kids Moody, Crazy, and Lazy” in Psychology Today, on August 18. Available online also at: https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/mental-wealth/201508/screentime-is-making-kids-moody-crazy-and-lazy? [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 1, 2018].
Field, Andy. (2006). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS. New York: Sage.
Flook, Lisa et al. (2013). “Mindfulness for Teachers: A Pilot Study to Assess Effects on Stress, Burnout, and Teaching Efficacy” in Mind Brain Education, Volume 7(3), September. Available online also at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3855679/ [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 5, 2018].
Fry, Heather, Steve Ketteridge & Stephanie Marshall [eds]. (2009). A Handbook for Teaching and Learning in Higher Education: Enhancing Academic Practice. New York and London: Routledge, 3rd edition. Available online also at: https://www.sun.ac.za/english/faculty/arts/Documents/HandbookTeachingLearningHigheEd.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 1, 2018].
Garg, Rakesh. (2016). “Methodology for Research I” in Indian Journal of Anaesthesia, Volume 60(9), September, pp.640-645. Available online also at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5037944/ [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 5, 2018].
Garth, Andrew. (2008). “Analysing Data Using SPSS: A Practical Guide for those Unfortunate Enough to Have to Actually Do it”. Available online at: https://students.shu.ac.uk/lits/it/documents/pdf/analysing_data_using_spss.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 9, 2018].
Hafez, Rehab. (2017). “Effect of Brain Gym on Manipulating Skills and Balance for Beginners in Rhythmic Gymnastics” in Science, Movement, and Health, Volume XVII, Issue 1 [January], pp.66-72. Available online also at: http://www.analefefs.ro/anale-fefs/2017/i1/pe-autori/REHAB%20Hafez.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 5, 2018].
Jacobson, Donna. (2016). “Causes and Effects of Teacher Burnout”. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis. USA [United States of America]: Walden University. Available online also at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3938&context=dissertations [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 5, 2018].
Jager, Melodie De. (2005). “An Evaluation of Brain Gym as a Technique to Promote Whole Brain Learning: A Personal and Professional Perspective”. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. UK [United Kingdom]: Faculty of Education and Nursing, the Rand Afrikaans University. Available online also at: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/54189836.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 5, 2018].
Kamilah, Nur & Mirjam Anugerahwati. (2016). “Factors Contributing to Teachers’ Resistence in Integrating ICT in EFL Classroom in Senior High School” in ELLITE: Journal of English Language, Literature, and Teaching, Vol.01, No.02 [November]. Available online also at: http://jurnal.unmuhjember.ac.id/index.php/ELLITE/article/viewFile/471/361 [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 1, 2018].
Kolmogorov, A. (1933). “Sulla Determinazione Empirica di Una Legge di Distribuzione” in G. Ist. Ital. Attuari, Volume 4, pp.83-91.
Kuh, George D. et al. (2006). “What Matters to Student Success: A Review of the Literature”. Commissioned Report for the National Symposium on Postsecondary Student Success: Spearheading a Dialog on Student Success. Available online also at: https://nces.ed.gov/npec/pdf/kuh_team_report.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 1, 2018].
Leithwood, Kenneth et al. (2004). “How Leadership Influences Student Learning: Review of Research”. Available online at: https://www.wallacefoundation.org/knowledge-center/Documents/How-Leadership-Influences-Student-Learning.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 1, 2018].
Levene, H. (1960). “Robust Tests for Equality of Variances” in Ingram Olkin et al. [eds]. Contributions to Probability and Statistics: Essays in Honor of Harold Hotelling. USA [United States of America]: Stanford University Press, pp.278-292.
Likert, R. (1932). “A Technique for the Measurement of Attitudes” in Archives of Psychology, Volume 140, pp.1-55.
Lipson, Benjamin. (2014). “The Effects of Task Difficulty and Reward Opportunity on Motivation” in The Huron University College Journal of Learning and Motivation, Volume 52, Issue 1, Article 8.
Lu, Y.M. et al. (2013). “Measurement Precision of the Disability for Back Pain Scale-by Applying Rasch Analysis” in Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, Volume 11. Available online also at: https://hqlo.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1477-7525-11-119 [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 9, 2018].
Mathers, N., N. Fox & A. Hunn. (2007). “Surveys and Questionnaires” in The NIHR RDS for the East Midlands/Yorkshire & the Humber. Available online also at: https://www.rds-yh.nihr.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/12_Surveys_and_Questionnaires_Revision_2009.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 9, 2018].
Martyn, Margie. (2007). “Clickers in the Classroom: An Active Learning Approach” in EQ: Educause Quarterly, Volume 30(2).
Maslach, C. & M.P. Leiter. (2016). “Understanding the Burnout Experience: Recent Research and its Implications for Psychiatry” in WORLD PSYCHIATRY: Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association, Volume 15(2), June, pp.103-111. Available online also at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4911781/ [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 1, 2018].
Mokshein, Siti Eshah, Haliza Ishak & Hishamuddin Ahmad. (2019). “The Use of Rasch Measurement Model in English Testing” in Cakrawala Pendidikan, Vol.38, No.1 [February]. Available online also at: https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/272189-the-use-of-rasch-measurement-model-in-en-669a833a.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: March 2, 2019].
Nasution, I.K. (2007). Stres pada Remaja. Medan: Publikasi Program Studi Psikologi USU [Universitas Sumatera Utara].
Nixon, C.L. (2014). “Current Perspectives: The Impact of Cyberbullying on Adolescent Health” in Adolescent Health, Medicine, and Therapeutics, Volume 5 [August], pp.143-158. Available online also at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4126576/ [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 1, 2018].
Nombre, A.Y. (2012). “The Importance of Teaching Listening and Speaking Skills”. Unpublished Master’s Thesis. Spain: Facultad de Educacion UCM [Universitas Complytensis Matritensis]. Available online also at: https://www.ucm.es/data/cont/docs/119-2015-03-17-12.RocioSeguraAlonso2013.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 5, 2018].
Papalia, Diane, Sally Wendoks Old & Ruth Duskin Feldman. (2009). Human Development. New York: McGraw-Hill, International Student Edition.
Phares, E.J. & W.F. Chaplin. (1997). Introduction to Personality. USA [United States of America]: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, Inc., 4th edition.
Rahadianita, Natasha & Anggun Resdasari Prasetyo. (2016). “Efektivitas Brain Gym terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Fonemik pada Anak Usia Dini” in Jurnal Empati, Volume 5(1), Januari, pp.85-90.
Rahmah, Aulia Dzakiyu. (2017). “The Effectiveness of Semantic Mapping on Students’ Vocabulary Achievement: A Quasi-Experimental Study at the Eighth Grade Students of MTs Islamiyah Ciputat, Tangerang Selatan in Academic Year 2017/2018”. Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis. Jakarta: Department of English Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University. Available online also at: http://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/bitstream/123456789/37617/1/AULIA%20DZAKIYU%20RAHMAH%20-%20FITK.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 17, 2018].
Reber, R.E. & D.B. Roberts. (2000). A Lifelong Call to Learn: Continuing Education for Religious Leaders. Herndon, VA: Alban Institute.
Schaufeli, W.B. & Qiao Hu. (2009). “The Factorial Validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory Student Survey in China” in Journal of Psychological Report, No.105, pp.394-408.
Serdyukov, Peter. (2017). “Innovation in Education: What Works, What Doesn’t, and What to Do about it?” in Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning, on April. Available online also at: https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JRIT-10-2016-0007/full/html [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 5, 2018].
Slameto. (2010). Belajar dan Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi. Jakarta: PT Asdi Mahasatya.
Smirnov, N. (1948). “Table for Estimating the Goodness of Fit of Empirical Distributions” in Annals of Mathematical Statistics, Volume 19(2), pp.279-281.
Snilstveit, B. et al. (2016). “The Impact of Education Programmes on Learning and School Participation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review Summary Report” in 3IE: Systematic Review Summary, No.7. Published by International Initiative for Impact Evaluation in London. Available online also at: http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/429341481774674870/The-Impact-of-Education-Programmes-on-Learning-and-School-Participation.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 1, 2018].
Sutarjo, E. & D. Arum. (2014). “Efektivitas Teori Behavioral Teknik Relaksasi dan Brain Gym untuk Menurunkan Burnout Belajar pada Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Laboratorium UNDIKSHA Singaraja, Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014” in E-Journal UNDIKSA: Bimbingan Konseling, Vol.2, No.1.
Syah, Muhibbin. (2009). Psikologi Belajar. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Tuyen, Nguyen Van. (2017). “Factors that Affect Students’ Reticence in Class” in Advances in Social Science, Education, and Humanities Research, Volume 115, pp.179-184.
Viglione, A., F. Laio & P. Claps. (2007). “A Comparison of Homogeneity Tests for Regional Frequency Analysis” in Water Resources Research, Volume 43. Available online also at: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2006WR005095 [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 17, 2018].
Vrbik, Jan. (2018). “Small-Sample Corrections to Kolmogorov–Smirnov Test Statistic” in Pioneer Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, Volume 15(1-2), pp.15-23.
White, H. & S. Sabarwal. (2014). “Quasi-Experimental Design and Methods” in Methodological Briefs: Impact Evaluation, Volume 8, published by UNICEF Office of Research in Florence. Available online also at: https://www.unicef-irc.org/KM/IE/img/downloads/Quasi-Experimental_Design_and_Methods_ENG.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 9, 2018].
Yasin, S.N.T.M., M.F.M. Yunus & I. Ismail. (2018). “The Use of Rasch Measurement Model for the Validity and Reliability” in Journal of Counseling and Educational Technology, Vol.1, No.2. Available online also at: https://journal.redwhitepress.com/index.php/jcet/article/view/11 [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: March 2, 2019].
Yotanyamaneewong, Saengduean. (2012). “Thai Teachers with Low/High Burnout and Their Perceptions of Teaching Pupils with Special Educational Needs (SEN)”. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. UK [United Kingdom]: School of Education, College of Social Sciences, the University of Birmingham. Available online also at: https://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/eprint/3526/2/Yotanyamaneewong_12_PhD.pdf [accessed in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: October 1, 2018].
Zuni, Eka K. & Christiana Elisabeth. (2014). “Penerapan Kombinasi antara Teknik Relaksasi dan Self-Intruction untuk Mengurangi Kejenuhan Belajar Siswa Kelas XI IPA 2 SMA Negeri 22 Surabaya” in Jurnal BK UNESA, Volume 05(01), pp.1-10.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2121/sip.v5i1.1264
DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.2121/sip.v5i1.1264.g1094
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
SIPATAHOENAN: South-East Asian Journal for Youth, Sports & Health Education. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License