Bullying Experienced among Indigenous People Students of PNU–North Luzon: A Basis for Fomulating School Policy

Agnes S Reyes

Abstract


ABSTRACT: Bullying is a major issue in today’s world and is getting increasing attention in the research literature. The school safety, including the prevention of bullying, is a top priority and a key area of academic research. This study endeavors to describe and analyze the bullying experiences of the indigenous people students of PNU (Philippine Normal University)-North Luzon, and to determine their social impact. A descriptive qualitative research was employed. Respondents were determined through the help of the adviser with small group interviews, planned and unplanned, and one on one basis were conducted. Issues on students’ experiences that were positively solved were presented to set the mood of the interview and to elicit very personal data from the respondents. The findings show that the forms of bullying experienced by the IP (Indigenous People) students of PNU-North Luzon Campus, namely: indirect bullying, verbal bullying, psychological bullying, and institutional bullying. The recommendations are the school should create a system wide policy on standardized labeling of sections of the students in the different year levels, not according to particular group of people; and Educational Community should be culture sensitive to any school endeavor.

KEY WORD: Bullying; Indigenous People Student; Experience; School Policy. 

IKHTISAR: “Pengalaman Dibuli para Mahasiswa Pribumi di PNU–Luzon Utara: Sebuah Dasar untuk Merumuskan Kebijakan Sekolah”. Dibuli adalah masalah utama di dunia saat ini dan semakin mendapat perhatian dalam literatur penelitian. Keselamatan sekolah, termasuk pencegahan membuli, adalah prioritas utama dan bidang penting dalam penelitian akademik. Studi ini berupaya untuk menggambarkan dan menganalisis pengalaman dibuli dari para mahasiswa pribumi di PNU (Universitas Pendidikan Filipina)-Luzon Utara, dan untuk menentukan dampak sosial mereka. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif digunakan. Responden ditentukan melalui bantuan penasihat, dengan wawancara pada kelompok kecil, terencana dan tidak terencana, dan dilakukan satu per satu. Masalah pada pengalaman mahasiswa yang dipecahkan secara positif disajikan untuk mengatur suasana wawancara dan untuk memperoleh data yang sangat pribadi dari responden. Temuan menunjukan bahwa bentuk-bentuk buli yang dialami oleh para mahasiswa pribumi di PNU-Luzon Utara, yaitu: dibuli secara tidak langsung, dibuli secara verbal, dibuli secara psikologis, dan dibuli secara institusional. Rekomendasinya adalah sekolah harus membuat kebijakan sistem yang luas tentang pelabelan standar untuk bagian mahasiswa di tahun angkatan yang berbeda, tidak berdasarkan pada kelompok suku tertentu; dan Komunitas Pendidikan harus peka terhadap budaya untuk setiap program sekolah.

KATA KUNCI: Buli; Mahasiswa Pribumi; Pengalaman; Kebijakan Sekolah.

About the Author: Agnes S. Reyes is a Researcher and Lecturer at the PNU (Philippine Normal University)-North Luzon, Alicia, Isabela, the Philippines. For academic interests, the author is able to be contacted via e-mail address at: reyes.as@pnu.edu.ph

Suggested Citation: Reyes, Agnes S. (2018). “Bullying Experienced among Indigenous People Students of PNU–North Luzon: A Basis for Fomulating School Policy” in SUSURGALUR: Jurnal Kajian Sejarah & Pendidikan Sejarah, Volume 6(2), September, pp.153-164. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press and UBD Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam, ISSN 2302-5808.

Article Timeline: Accepted (April 11, 2018); Revised (June 22, 2018); and Published (September 30, 2018).


Keywords


Bullying; Indigenous People Student; Experience; School Policy

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alexander, J. (2008). “Student Perspectives on the Benefits of Cooperative Learning Skills Taught in Fifth Grade Classrooms in the Archdiocese of San Francisco and the Impact of Bullying Behaviors Schoolwide” in Doctoral Dissertations, No.134. Available online also at: https://repository.usfca.edu/diss/134 [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Andaya, O.J.F. (2016). “Factors that Affect the Academic Performance of Indigenous People (IP) Students of Philippine Normal University-North Luzon” in Asia Pacific Journal of Research, Volume 2, Issue XXXVII [March]. Available online also at: http://apjor.com/downloads/3003201628.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Andi, K. & B. Arafah. (2017). “Using Needs Analysis to Develop English Teaching Materials in Initial Speaking Skills for Indonesian College Students of English” in TOJDAC: The Turkish Online Journal of Design, Art, and Communication, Special Edition, on April. Available online also at: http://www.tojdac.org/tojdac/VOLUME7-APRLSPCL_files/tojdac_v070ASE145.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: July 3, 2018].

Arquiza, Y.D. [ed]. (2007). The Road to Empowerment: Strengthening the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act. Manila: International Labour Office. Available online also at: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@asia/@ro-bangkok/@ilo-manila/documents/publication/wcms_124767.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: July 3, 2018].

Barranta, Jr., C.M. (2016). “Philippines Issue on School/Classroom Bullying”. Available online at: https://www.academia.edu/11714073/Philippine_Issues_on_School_Classroom_Bullying [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: July 3, 2018].

Bennett, C. (2009). “Literature Review of Bullying at Schools”. Available online at: https://umanitoba.ca/faculties/education/media/Bennett-09.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Biddle, N. & N. Priest. (2014). “Indigenous Students Skipping School to Avoid Bullying and Racism” in The Conversation, on April 11. Available online also at: http://theconversation.com/indigenous-students-skipping-school-to-avoid-bullying-and-racism-25433 [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: July 3, 2018].

Bodkin-Andrews, G. et al. (2012). “Theory and Research on Bullying and Racism from an Aboriginal Australian Perspective”. Paper for Joint AARE APERA International Conference in Sydney, Australia, pp.1-14. Available online also at: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED544515.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Brzezinski, M.S. (2016). “Gender Differences in Bullying and Perceptions of Bullying” in Theses and Dissertations, No.1276. Available online also at: https://rdw.rowan.edu/etd/1276 [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Cariaga, J.N. & S.B. Tejada. (2016). “The Profile of the Indigenous Peoples Students of Philippine Normal University – Isabela Campus” in Asia Pacific Journal of Research, Volume I, Issue XXXVI [February]. Available online also at: http://www.apjor.com/downloads/2502201610.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Cornell, D. & S.P. Limber. (2015). “Law and Policy on the Concept of Bullying at School” in American Psychologist, Volume 70(4), pp.333-343.

Darmawan. (2010). “Bullying in School: A Study of Forms and Motives of Aggression in Two Secondary Schools in the City of Palu, Indonesia”. Unpublished M.Phil. Thesis. Norway: Faculty of Humanity, Social Science and Education, University of Tromsø. Available online also at: https://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/2670/thesis.pdf?sequence=2 [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

“DepED [Department of Education] Order No.40, s.2012, otherwise known as the Child Protection Policy”. Unpublished Document owned by the Author.

Faldas, J.F. [ed]. (2018). Forming Good Christians and Upright Citizens: Student Handbook Junior High School Department. Makati City, Philippines: Don Bosco Technical Institute, fourth edition. Available online also at: https://www.donboscomakati.edu.ph/images/2018-Student-Handbook_JuniorHigh.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: August 17, 2018].

Fernandez, D.G. (2002). “Culture in the Classroom” in The ACELT Journal, Vol.2, No.2 [October], pp.3-9.

Fraenkel, J.R. & N.E. Wallen. (2006). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education. New York: McGraw-Hill, sixth edition.

Ganal, N. (2017). “The University of Ottawa Indigenous Peoples Education Curriculum Model: Basis in the Development of Indigenous Peoples Education Curriculum for PNU-North Luzon” in The Normal Lights: Journal on Teacher Education, Vol.11, No.1. Available online also at: http://po.pnuresearchportal.org/ejournal/index.php/normallights/article/view/381 [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: July 3, 2018].

Georgakopoulos, A., L.V. Wilkin & B. Kent. (2011). “Workplace Bullying: A Complex Problem in Contemporary Organizations” in International Journal of Business and Social Science, Vol.2, No.3 [Special Issue – January]. Available online also at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/48c5/988a41bc993b47c4fd8976fc59a9f254dfa1.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Govender, M. (2007). “An Investigation into the Phenomena of Bullying and Violence in Secondary Schools in Durban (Umlazi & Merebank)”. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis. Durban: Department of Social Work, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal. Available online also at: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/70399025.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Hoffmann, C.T. (2013). “The Nature and Extent of Teachers as Targets of Bullying by Their Learners in a High School”. Unpublished M.Ed. Thesis. Johannesburg: School of Education, Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand. Available online also at: http://wiredspace.wits.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10539/19994/AMENDMENTS [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Hornby, G. (2016). “Bullying: An Ecological Approach to Intervention in Schools” in Preventing School Failure, Volume 60(3), May, pp.222-230. Available online also at: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/74390239.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Interview with Respondent A, an IP (Indigenous People) Student of the PNU (Philippine Normal University)-North Luzon, in the Philippines, on 3 July 2015.

Interview with Respondent B, an IP (Indigenous People) Student of the PNU (Philippine Normal University)-North Luzon, in the Philippines, on 3 July 2015.

Interview with Respondent C, an IP (Indigenous People) Student of the PNU (Philippine Normal University)-North Luzon, in the Philippines, on 3 July 2015.

Interview with Respondent D, an IP (Indigenous People) Student of the PNU (Philippine Normal University)-North Luzon, in the Philippines, on 10 July 2015.

Interview with Respondent E, an IP (Indigenous People) Student of the PNU (Philippine Normal University)-North Luzon, in the Philippines, on 10 July 2015.

Interview with Respondent F, an IP (Indigenous People) Student of the PNU (Philippine Normal University)-North Luzon, in the Philippines, on 10 July 2015.

Lardizabal, A. (1996). Principles and Methods of Teaching. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House.

Marissa, G.R. (2014). “Perception of Pre-Service Teachers on Services and Academic Programs of Philippine Normal University-North Luzon” in Research Journal of Educational Sciences, Volume 2(7), November, pp.1-9. Available online also at: http://www.isca.in/EDU_SCI/Archive/v2/i7/1.%20ISCA-RJEduS-2014-024.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Neto, A.A.L. (2005). “Bullying: Aggressive Behavior among Student” in Jornal de Pediatria, Vol.81, No.5 [November]. Available online also at: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0021-75572005000700006&script=sci_arttext&tlng=en [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: January 15, 2018].

Oltmann, S.M. (2016). “Qualitative Interviews: A Methodological Discussion of the Interviewer and Respondent Contexts” in FORUM: Qualitative Social Research, Vol.17, No.2 [May]. Available online also at: http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/2551/3998 [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at School: What We Know and What We Can Do. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.

Parson, D.S. (2015). “School Bullying and Teacher Professional Development” in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection. Available online also at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2842&context=dissertations [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Regaspi, R.B. (2017). “Determinants and Problems in the Completion of Tertiary Education of Indigenous Peoples in the Philippines” in Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, Volume 4(5), pp.1-9. Available online also at: https://www.textroad.com/pdf/JSSHS/J.%20Soc.%20Sci.%20Hum.%20Stud.,%204(5)1-9,%202017.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: July 3, 2018].

“Republic Act 10627 – Anti – Bullying Act of 2013”. Unpublished Document owned by the Author.

Reyes, Agnes S. (2016). “Bullying Experienced among Indigenous People Students of Philippine Normal University North Luzon, Philippines: A Basis for Formulating School Policy” in American International Journal of Contemporary Research, Vol.6, No.1 [February]. Available online also at: http://www.aijcrnet.com/journals/Vol_6_No_1_February_2016/7.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: January 15, 2018].

Rios, J.L. (2016). “Effective Interventions: A Case Study of the Effects of Bullying as Portrayed in the Documentary Bully”. Unpublished M.A. Thesis. Canyon, Texas: West Texas A&M University.

Rivara, F. (2016). “Preventing Bullying through Science, Policy, and Practice”. Available online at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK390408/ [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: January 15, 2018].

Rosea, C.A., D.L. Espelageb & L.E. Monda-Amaya. (2009). “Bullying and Victimisation Rates among Students in General and Special Education: A Comparative Analysis” in Educational Psychology, Vol.29, No.7 [December], pp.761-776. Available online also at: http://crisisresponse.promoteprevent.org/sites/default/files/bullying-and-victimization-analysis-educational_psychology.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Rosete, J.J.G. et al. (2018). 2nd International Research Conference on Teacher Education and Indigenous Peoples Education, on March 1-3. Philippines: The Indigenous Peoples Education Hub, Philippine Normal University-North Luzon. Available online also at: http://pnu-onlinecommons.org/omp/index.php/conferenceproceedings/catalog/download/267/216/532-1?inline=1 [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Saito, I., T. Imamura & M. Miyagi. (2010). “Filipino Personality Traits and Values for Social Support: FOW as Human Resources for Work Life Balance in Japan” in立正大学心理学研究所紀要 第8号. Available online also at: http://repository.ris.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/11266/5193/1/shinrikenkiyo_008_001.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: July 3, 2018].

Sampa, Elias M. (2013). Rudiments of Qualitative Research Designs and Analyses. New York: McGraw-Hill, first edition.

Sario, L.P. (2015). “Students’ Satisfaction Survey on PNU–NL Services” in International Refereed Research Journal, Volume VI, Issue 3 [July]. Available online also at: http://www.researchersworld.com/vol6/issue3/Paper_07.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Sasson, Remez. (2014). “The Power of Positive Thinking”. Available online at: http://www.successconsciousness.com/index_000009.htm [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: January 15, 2018].

Schargel, F. (2014). “Bullying: What Schools, Parents, and Students Can Do”. Available online at: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/franklin-schargel/bullying-what-schools-par_b_4103901.html [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Shaeffer, S. [ed]. (2016). Embracing Diversity: Toolkit for Creating Inclusive, Learning-Friendly Environments. Bangkok, Thailand: UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education. Available online also at: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED496229.pdf [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].

Shetgiri, R. (2014). “Bullying and Victimization among Children” in PMC: US National Library of Medicine National Institute of Health, on July 12. Available online also at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3766526/ [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: January 15, 2018].

Sonnie. (2013). “After the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013: More Needs to be Done”. Available online at: https://asksonnie.info/after-the-anti-bullying-act-of-2013-more-needs-to-be-done/ [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: July 3, 2018].

Spriggs, A.L. et al. (2007). “Adolescent Bullying Involvement and Perceived Family, Peer, and School Relations: Commonalities and Differences Across Race/Ethnicity” in Journal of Adolescent Health, Volume 41(3), pp.283-293.

Tangalin, M.M. (2015). “Students Bullying and Classroom Discipline Techniques in Binakayan National High School: A Basis for Anti-Bullying Campaign”. Unpublished Research Report. North Luzon: PNU [Philippine Normal University].

Tangco, G.D. (2010). “Effects of Parenting Stylesand Classroom Discipline Techniques on Pupil’s Behavior in Selected Elementary Schools of Calamba West District of Laguna”. Unpublished Research Report. North Luzon: PNU [Philippine Normal University].

Wang, J., R.J. Iannotti & T.R. Nansel. (2009). “School Bullying among US Adolescents: Physical, Verbal, Relational, and Cyber” in Journal of Adolescent Health, Volume 45(4), October, pp.368-375.

Williams, C. (2007). “Research Methods” in Journal of Business & Economic Research, Vol.5, No.3 [March], pp.65-72.

Wolke, D. & S.T. Lereya. (2015). “Long-Term Effects of Bullying” in Archives of Disease in Childhood, Volume 100(9), September, pp.879-885. Available online also at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4552909/ [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: January 15, 2018].

Ybarra, M. et al. (2012). “Defining and measuring cyberbullying within the larger context of bullying victimization” in Journal of Adolescent Health, Volume 51(1), July, pp.53-58. Available online also at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3383604/ [accessed in Lopez, Quezon, the Philippines: February 15, 2018].




DOI: https://doi.org/10.2121/susurgalur.v6i2.1094

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.2121/susurgalur.v6i2.1094.g974

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
SUSURGALUR: Jurnal Kajian Sejarah & Pendidikan Sejarah. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

View My Stats